Partial Knee Replacement
What is Partial Knee Replacement?
Partial (unicompartmental) knee replacement involves resurfacing only the damaged compartment of the knee, while preserving the healthy compartments, cruciate ligaments and natural soft tissues. Most commonly performed for isolated medial compartment arthritis, it can also be used for isolated lateral or patellofemoral arthritis.
In the right patient, partial knee replacement has important advantages over total knee replacement: a more natural feel because the cruciate ligaments are preserved, faster recovery, less blood loss, lower complication rates, and better function. Robotic-assisted techniques have been particularly transformative in partial knee replacement, because the accuracy of implant positioning is a major determinant of longevity in this procedure.
Who is suitable?
Partial knee replacement is indicated for:
Dr Stoita will review your symptoms, activity goals, and any existing imaging. A detailed clinical examination is performed to confirm the diagnosis and discuss whether this procedure is the right option for you.
Initial visitX-rays, MRI or other imaging may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the condition. In complex cases, 3D computerised modelling may be used to assist with surgical planning.
Pre-surgeryThe procedure is performed under anaesthesia using the most appropriate surgical technique for your condition. Dr Stoita uses minimally invasive approaches where possible to reduce recovery time and optimise outcomes.
Day of procedureMost patients walk within hours of surgery. Recovery after partial knee replacement is significantly faster than after total knee replacement.
Most patients are home within 1–2 days of surgery.
Most patients are off walking aids within 2–3 weeks.
Return to low-impact sport is typically possible at 3–4 months.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
In a total knee replacement, the entire knee joint surface is replaced – the ends of the femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), and usually the underside of the kneecap are all resurfaced with artificial components. In a partial knee replacement (PKR), also called unicompartmental knee replacement, only the damaged compartment of the knee is replaced, leaving healthy bone, cartilage, and ligaments intact.
Diagnosis involves understanding a history of your symptoms, examining your knee, and using imaging such as X-rays to assess cartilage wear and joint alignment. In some cases, additional scans such as CT or MRI scans may be required to either exclude other conditions or quantify the degree of arthritis.Some patients develop patellofemoral pain syndrome in the absence of any bone, joint or soft tissue abnormalities. However, most patients with the syndrome present with one or more abnormalities related to bone anatomy, joint anatomy and/or soft tissue.
Although knee arthritis can affect anyone, there are several factors that can increase the risk of arthritis:
- Genetic predisposition
- Previous knee injury or surgery
- Other joint conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout
- Occupations involving heavy manual work
- Age (over 40)
- Female gender
- Being overweight or obese
- Participation in high impact activities or sports (e.g. running, soccer or rugby)
Knee arthritis typically develops as a result of progressive cartilage wear within the joint. This process may occur naturally with age or be accelerated by factors such as previous injury, altered joint alignment, or increased mechanical load.
In some cases, inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis can also contribute to joint degeneration.
